Creating string object:

We can also define strings by creating a string class object. Using string class gives flexibility in terms of size, unlike character arrays where the length of arrays needs to be pre-defined.

The string class also becomes useful in string manipulation.

We can declare a string using string class as follows

string str;
string s;

The following code is to read a string from the user.

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

int main() {
    // Declare a string variable to store user input
    string s;

    // Prompt the user to enter a string
    cout << "Enter a string: ";

    // Take input from the user and store it in 's'
    // Note: 'cin' will stop reading at the first whitespace
    cin >> s;

    // Display the string stored in 's'
    cout << "\ns holds: " << s;

    // End of program
    return 0;
}

}

String Functions

String class comes with a rich library of string functions which can come in handy in string manipulation and other processes.

We’ll see some of the string functions supported in C++

string::length(): returns the length of the string

string s="takeuforward";
cout<<s.length(); // prints 12

string::find(): returns the starting index of the character

string s="takeuforward";
cout<<s.find('a'); // prints 1

string::substr(): accepts starting index as parameter and returns substring starting from that index to end.

string s="takeuforward";
cout<<s.substr(3); // prints euforward

string::at(): accepts index as a parameter and returns character present at that index.

string s="takeuforward";
cout<<s.at(2); // prints k

string::append(): accepts another string object, index, length, number of characters to copy as a parameter and pushes the defined parameter to the end of the string.

string s;
string str="takeuforward";
s.append(str);
cout<<s; // prints takeuforward

string:: getline(): accepts istream object and string object as parameter and extracts characters from istream object and stores them into a string object until a delimiter character is found.

string s;
cout<<"Enter the string: ";
getline(cin,s);
cout<<"\ns holds: "<<s;

string::compare(): acc