C++ Function and Structure

What is Structure in C++?

C++ Structure is a collection of same / different data types. It is a user-defined data type. Each variable in the structure is known as a member of the structure.

Syntax:-

struct structure_Name {
  member1;
  member2;
  .
  .
  .
  memberN;
};

Example 1:-

Passing structure to function.

Passing a structure student to the function display_student() and printing the details of the student using the structure variable.

Code:

C++ Code

#include "bits/stdc++.h"

using namespace std;

struct student {
  int Register_no;
  string name;
  float marks;
  char grade;
};

void display_student(student s) {
  cout << "Student Details:- " << '\n';
  cout << "Register Number: " << s.Register_no << '\n';
  cout << "Name: " << s.name << '\n';
  cout << "Marks: " << s.marks << '\n';
  cout << "Grade: " << s.grade << '\n';
}

int main() {
  student s;

  cout << "Enter Register Number:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.Register_no;

  cout << "Enter the Name:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.name;

  cout << "Enter the mark:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.marks;

  cout << "Enter the grade:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.grade;

  //Function call with structure variable as an argument
  display_student(s);

  return 0;
}

Sample Input:-

Enter Register Number:- 211
Enter the Name:- JAI
Enter the mark:- 100
Enter the grade:- A

Sample Output:-

Student Details:-
Register Number: 211
Name: JAI
Marks: 100
Grade: A

Example 2:-

Returning structure from function.

In the below example input_student() function will take the input structure from the user, assign them to structure members, and returns the structure, and another function display_student() which takes the structure student as an argument and prints the details of the student.

Code:

C++ Code

#include "bits/stdc++.h"

using namespace std;

struct student {
  int Register_no;
  string name;
  float marks;
  char grade;
};

void display_student(student s) {
  cout << "\nStudent Details:- " << '\n';
  cout << "Register Number: " << s.Register_no << '\n';
  cout << "Name: " << s.name << '\n';
  cout << "Marks: " << s.marks << '\n';
  cout << "Grade: " << s.grade << '\n';
}

student input_student(student s) {
  cout << "Enter Register Number:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.Register_no;

  cout << "Enter the Name:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.name;

  cout << "Enter the mark:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.marks;

  cout << "Enter the grade:- " << '\n';
  cin >> s.grade;

  return s;
}

int main() {
  student s;

  s = input_student(s);

  //Function call with structure variable as an argument
  display_student(s);

  return 0;
}

Sample Input:-

Enter Register Number:- 212
Enter the Name:- Ganesh
Enter the mark:- 80
Enter the grade:- B

Sample Output:-

Student Details:-
Register Number: 212
Name: Ganesh
Marks: 80
Grade: B

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