Input: N = 3
Output: 9
Explanation: 3*3 = 9

Input: N = 4
Output: 16
Explanation: 4*4 = 16

Disclaimer: Don’t jump directly to the solution, try it out yourself first.

Approach

Algorithm

What is Square of a Number?

A square of a number is simply the resultant number obtained by multiplying the number with itself. For example, square of 2 will be 2*2, and square of 10 will be 10*10 and so on.

To calculate the square of a number we need to multiply the number by itself.

#include <stdio.h>
// Function to calculate square of a number
int square(int n)
{
    // Multiply number by itself
    int sq = n * n;
    // Return the square value
    return sq;    
}

int main()
{
    // Initialize number
    int n = 3;
    
    // Print square of number using square() function
    printf("The square of the given number %d is %d", n, square(n));
}

Complexity Analysis

Time Complexity: O(1), because the multiplication operation takes constant time.

Space Complexity: O(1), since no extra space is used apart from a few variables.