Initialise a variable ans to store the result of the XOR operations.

Iterate from 1 to n ie. the input number. At each step: Perform XOR operation of the current value of i with the current value of ans and store the result back in ans.

After iterating through all numbers from L to R and return the final value of ans.

Code

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

class Solution {
public:
    // Function to calculate XOR of numbers in range [L, R]
    int xorInRange(int L, int R) {
        
        // Initialize variable to store the result
        int ans = 0;
        
        // Loop through all numbers from L to R inclusive
        for (int i = L; i <= R; i++) {
            
            // Update ans by performing XOR with current number i
            ans = ans ^ i;
        }
        
        // Return the final computed XOR value
        return ans;
    }
};

// Driver code
int main() {
    // Initialize range values
    int L = 3;
    int R = 19;
    
    // Create object of Solution class
    Solution obj;
    
    // Call function xorInRange with given L and R
    int ans = obj.xorInRange(L, R);
    
    // Print the result in readable format
    cout << "XOR of Numbers from " << L << " to " << R << " is: " << ans << endl;
    
    return 0;
}